Tobacco-related Cancers. Introduction. The association between tobacco use and cancer is well known. Since the earliest epidemiologic studies. Number of deaths: 2,626,418; Death rate: 823.7 deaths per 100,000 population; Life expectancy: 78.8 years; Infant Mortality rate: 5.82 deaths per 1,000 live births. In the Speeding car section below we quoted Blagosklonny as saying that smoke was the manifestation of fire the way diseases of aging are the manifestation of aging. Find out what diet myth puts your health in danger, as well as the link between obesity-related diseases and metabolic dysfunction. ![]() Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases Report of the joint WHO/FAO expert consultation WHO Technical Report Series, No. 916 (TRS 916). Medical conditions are often related to other diseases and conditions. Our doctors have compiled a list of ailments related to the topic of Osteoporosis. High number of deaths from heart disease, stroke and diabetes linked to diet Date: March 7, 2017 Source: NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Objective To study the long term consequences of low carbohydrate diets, generally characterised by concomitant increases in protein intake, on cardiovascular health. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to 70% of all deaths globally. Each year, 15 million people die from a NCD. Fatty Liver Diet . Today, it affects as many as 1/3 of Americans and is the leading form of liver disease in the United States. Worse yet, it shows no signs of slowing down and threatens to overwhelm liver transplant programs in the coming decade. ![]() According to Dr. Michael Curry, a hepatologist at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, about 8. In the other 2. 0%, the condition will progress to non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and about 2. NASH patients will progress to liver cirrhosis and end stage liver disease. In the United States that means as many as 6 million people could be looking for liver transplants in the near future. The fatty liver epidemic is a silent, but very real threat to the health of many Americans and one Dr. Curry believes could overwhelm liver transplant programs and create a situation where we’re simply unable to treat so many patients. But non alcoholic fatty liver disease isn’t just an American problem. Recent reports out of England, Malaysia, and other countries show similar signs that fatty liver could quickly become a worldwide epidemic. Let’s take a closer look at the disease. What is non alcoholic fatty liver disease? Doctors and medical professionals once believed fatty infiltration of the liver leading to liver damage and liver cirrhosis was caused by excessive alcohol consumption. They termed this condition alcoholic fatty liver disease. While it’s true excessive alcohol consumption CAN and DOES cause liver damage, doctors soon realized there was something else going on when they started seeing patients with the same signs of liver damage, but who had no history of alcoholism. This condition soon became known as non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Put simply, non alcoholic fatty liver disease is the accumulation of fat (triglycerides) in liver cells due to non- alcohol related causes that can eventually lead to liver inflammation, liver scarring, liver cancer, complete liver failure, and death. Some of the contributing factors to fatty liver disease include obesity, type II diabetes (diabetes mellitus), metabolic syndrome, high fat, high fructose, and high glycemic diets coupled with a sedentary lifestyle, hypertension (high blood pressure), high cholesterol, medications and toxins, and insulin resistance. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease generally progresses through the following stages: Simple steatosis (fatty liver)Fatty liver with inflammation (non alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)Fatty liver with liver hardening and liver scarring (liver cirrhosis)Liver cancer and/or complete liver failure. Death unless a liver transplant is performed. When too much fat accumulates in the liver, it clogs the spaces surrounding hepatocytes (liver cells), causes the liver to become larger and heavier, impairs the livers ability to filter toxins and other harmful substances from the blood, and reduces its ability to metabolize fats. The earliest stage of fatty liver disease, simple steatosis, is usually easily reversed by dietary and lifestyle changes. However, as liver damage becomes more severe, it can lead to cell death and scarring (liver cirrhosis), at which point it often becomes irreversible and requires a liver transplant to save the life of the patient. Why is non alcoholic fatty liver disease so dangerous? Fatty liver disease is closely associated with obesity and according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, two- thirds of Americans are either overweight or obese. This means it’s a very real threat for almost everyone. The disease is so dangerous because it is what the National Institutes of Health refers to as a “silent disease”. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease develops over a long period of time, but many people experience few, if any, symptoms until the condition worsens to non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or cirrhosis. Some people may experience a dull or aching pain on the right side of their abdomen, but most don’t. This pain is generally associated with the liver growing larger due to inflammation and stretching the lining of the liver or pressing against other organs. Other fatty liver symptoms include a swollen stomach or ankles, vomiting blood, general fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, and jaundice. Since the condition has few symptoms, it sneaks up on you and many people fail to seek fatty liver disease treatment early on when the condition is often reversible through a proper fatty liver diet and exercise. The Fatty Liver Diet Guide can show you exactly which foods to eat and which to avoid if you have a fatty liver and provides precise fatty liver diet plans and even fatty liver diet recipes for those who want to be proactive at slowing and reversing the condition before it becomes untreatable. To make matters worse, doctors can easily miss the disease even with the help of ultrasounds and CT scans, and even tests for elevated liver enzymes in the bloodstream aren’t 1. Many times the disease is first noticed during routine checkups or during blood tests for other conditions. A liver biopsy is the best way to get a definitive diagnosis. Annual checkups with your doctor are important to help increase the chance a fatty liver is caught early. If left untreated, NAFLD can bring about much more severe symptoms including brain changes (hepatic encephalopathy) that result from harmful toxins reaching the brain. A healthy liver filters these toxins from the blood so they never reach the brain. A damaged liver is unable to do so which can result in things like memory lapses, trouble sleeping, lack of coordination and balance, and damage to other organs of the body. These more severe fatty liver disease symptoms can often be rather alarming. For example, hepatologists such as Dr. Kevin Mullen from the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Dr. Michael Curry from the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston report seeing patients who have: Exhibited symptoms very similar to Alzheimer’s and dementia. Mistakenly put their laundry in the refrigerator. Forgotten events that just took place the same day. Found themselves in a scalding hot shower and forgot how to turn it off. Walked around the neighborhood naked. Although seldom talked about, the liver performs over 5. Thus, maintaining liver health should be a primary concern for everyone. Failing to do so is a true death sentence. Who is at risk of getting non alcoholic fatty liver disease? The short answer to this question is: everyone. Fatty liver disease can affect men, women, and children of all ages and nationalities. It is most commonly found in people who suffer from type II diabetes and those who are overweight and/or obese (particularly around the mid section). A recent study out of England suggests as many as 5. A poor diet coupled with a lack of exercise are the leading culprits. Some experts believe non alcoholic fatty liver disease will become a silent killer for this generation of children if the obesity epidemic is not kept under control. Most experts also agree that the biggest risk factor to developing non alcoholic fatty liver disease is being overweight. This is true for both children and adults. How to treat non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Currently there is no single fatty liver treatment for ridding the body of non alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, if you suffer from a fatty liver or feel you are at risk of developing fatty liver disease, then here are a few guidelines you should follow to help prevent and reverse the condition: Lose weight gradually and keep it off long- term. Stay away from fad diet programs that recommend starvation diets or extreme gastric bypass surgeries that can actually further exasperate a fatty liver. Instead, try programs like Fat Loss Factor and Paleo Burn to target fat in your mid section. Stay active and exercise at least 3. Recent studies show resistance exercises can help improve a fatty liver and may be easier for people who are overweight and/or obese because they put less demand on the cardio- respiratory system. Make dietary changes that limit fat consumption to less than 3. Be cautious of generalized diet advice such as “eat more fruits and vegetables” as some fruits (particularly those containing large amounts of fructose) can be harmful for people with non alcoholic fatty liver disease. See the Fatty Liver Diet Guide and Fatty Liver Bible for specific diet plans and foods that can be used to reduce liver fat and improve fatty liver disease. Smaller, frequent meals are often better than large feasts for fatty liver patients. Antioxidants such as silymarin (found in milk thistle) and vitamins C and E can help improve liver health when taken in the right ratios and dosages. Don’t miss annual health checkups and stay in touch with your doctor on a regular basis. These are important for catching fatty liver disease early and giving you the best chance of beating the disease before it progresses to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. Reduce strain on the liver by treating related conditions such as type II diabetes and hypertension. Most importantly, if you’re overweight chances are you already have a fatty liver or will develop a fatty liver in the near future. Be proactive in treating non alcoholic fatty liver disease early on and don’t wait for it to worsen before you take action. By then it may already be too late. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases Report of the joint WHO/FAO expert consultation. Executive summary. The WHO/FAO Expert Consultation on Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases met in Geneva from 2. January to 1 February 2. Recommendations were made to help prevent death and disability from major nutrition- related chronic diseases. These population nutrient intake and physical activity goals should contribute in the development of regional strategies and national guidelines to reduce the burden of disease related to obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, several forms of cancer, osteoporosis and dental disease. They are based on the examination and analysis of the best available evidence and the collective judgement of a group of experts representing the global scope of WHO’s and FAO’s mandate. Key findings include: Obesity: the imbalance between declining energy expenditure due to physical inactivity and high energy in the diet (excess calories whether from sugar, starches or fat) is the main determinant of the obesity epidemic. Increasing physical activity, plus reducing intakes of foods high in fat and foods and drinks high in sugars, can prevent unhealthy weight gain. Taking these simple goals to concrete action requires major social and environmental changes in order to effectively promote and support healthier choices at the individual level. Diabetes: excess weight gain, overweight and obesity and physical inactivity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. Increased physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight play critical roles in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Cardiovascular diseases: cardiovascular diseases, the major killers worldwide, are to a great extent due to unbalanced diets and physical inactivity. Risk of their main forms, heart disease and stroke, is reduced by eating less saturated and trans fats, and sufficient amounts of (n- 3 and n- 6) polyunsaturated fats, fruits and vegetables and less salt, as well as by physical activity and controlling weight. Reduction of salt intake helps reduce blood pressure, a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. Cancer: tobacco is the number one cause of cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight will reduce the risk for cancers of the oesophagus, colorectum, breast, endometrium and kidney. Limiting alcohol intake will reduce risk for cancers of the mouth, throat, oesophagus, liver and breast. Ensuring an adequate intake of fruit and vegetables should further reduce risk for oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach and colorectal cancer. Osteoporosis and bone fractures. Adequate intakes of calcium (5. D in populations with high osteoporosis rates helps to reduce fracture risk, so does sun exposure and physical activity to strengthen bones and muscles. Dental disease: caries is preventable by limiting the frequency and amount of consumption of sugars and by appropriate exposure to fluoride. Erosion of teeth by dietary acids in beverages or other acidic foods may contribute to tooth destruction. The crucial role of physical activity as part of nutrition and health was acknowledged. Physical activity is a key determinant of energy expenditure, and thus fundamental to energy balance and weight control. The beneficial effects of physical activity on the metabolic syndrome are mediated by mechanisms beyond controlling excess body weight. Physical inactivity is already a major global health risk and is prevalent in both industrialized and developing countries, particularly among the urban poor in crowded mega cities. Measures and policies required to promote healthier food consumption patterns and facilitate a physically active life share common grounds and are mutually interactive in determining healthier behaviours. Healthy diets and physical activity are key to good nutrition and necessary for a long and healthy life. Eating nutrient dense foods and balancing energy intake with the necessary physical activity to maintain a healthy weight is essential at all stages of life. Unbalanced consumption of foods high in energy (sugar, starch and/or fat) and low in essential nutrients contributes to energy excess, overweight and obesity. The amount of the energy consumed in relation to physical activity and the quality of food are key determinants of nutrition related chronic disease. Not all fats are the same, it pays to know the difference. The scientific complexities of these issues should not obscure the simple messages required to orient and guide consumers. People should eat less high- calorie foods, especially foods high in saturated or trans fats and sugar, be physically active, prefer unsaturated fat and use less salt; enjoy fruits, vegetables and legumes; and select foods of plant and marine origin. This consumption pattern is not only healthier but more favourable to the environment and sustainable development. To achieve best results in preventing nutrition- related chronic diseases, strategies and policies should fully recognize the essential role of both diet and physical activity in determining good nutrition and optimal health. Policies and programmes must address the need for change at the individual level as well as the modifications in society and the environment to make healthier choices accessible and preferable. In communities, districts and nations in which widespread, integrated interventions have taken place, dramatic decreases in NCD- related death and disability have occurred. Successes have come about where people have acknowledged that the unnecessary premature deaths that occur in their community are largely preventable and have empowered themselves and their civic representatives to create health- supporting environments. This has been achieved most successfully by establishing a working relationship between communities and governments; through enabling legislation and local initiatives affecting schools and the workplace; involving food producers and processing industry. Beyond the rhetoric, this epidemic can be halted – the demand for action must come from those affected. The solution is in our hands. This report is only the first step in a process that includes consultations with governments, as well as other public and private sector stakeholders in all geographic regions, to culminate in the formulation of a Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, to be considered by the World Health Assembly in 2.
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